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Typology of farmers in mountainous areas of northern Tunisia

S. SLIM 1 

F. BEN JEDDI 1

S. REZGUI 1  

L. MALLAT 2

 

1 University of Carthage, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Research Unit Vegetable and Flower, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle 1082 Mahrajène city Tunis, Tunisia

2 MCM Training Center, 03 Industrial Park Street, Sidi Rzig, Tunisia

 

Summary - The Pastoral systems in the mountainous regions of northern Tunisia are undergoing profound transformations related to the changes that are both on the social organization, economy and cultural practices. As part of study areas Zaghouan, Siliana and Beja, we review cropping systems in mountain areas and especially among small farmers. The field survey about the practice of crop rotation in the mountainous areas of Tunisia and the types of operators, showed that the profiles supported the practice of rotation among farmers are practicing this profession for a decade, married, over 40 years and having level of primary education or more. The environment for the rotation is represented by a farmer residing on the premises owner of its operations and whose main activity is agriculture, located within 10km of a weekly market, and browsing a paved road or semi paved. The model mixed farming to livestock (cattle, sheep or both), with topography sloping plain or with soil type clay or sandy, a surface area of over 10ha profile is favorable to the practice of rotation. This occurs in 25,7 - 16,4 and 15,4% respectively in Beja, Siliana and Zaghouan. The multivariate analysis provided a better understanding of the nature of links between the different production parameters in a given region, showing that the farmers from the regions mentioned above, are characterized by a knowledge of the rotation type growing up respectively from absent, low to medium.

 

Keys words : cropping systems / small farmers / mountainous regions / practice of crop rotation / typology of operators / multidimensional analysis 

  

Caractérisation moléculaire d’une collection autochtone de sulla du nord Hedysarum coronarium L. et estimation de la variabilité génétique par les marqueurs AFLP

F. BEN JEDDI 1

M. JAMMAZI 1  

 

1 University of Carthage, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Research Unit Vegetable and Flower, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle 1082 Mahrajène city Tunis, Tunisia

 

Summary - 23 wild genotypes collected from different climatic regions of Tunisia and 6 Italian cultivars of Hedysarum coronarium L. (sulla), were identified and characterised by using the AFLP molecular marker. Electrophoresis profiles obtained indicated a very high percentage of polymorphism for all accessions exceeding 80 %. The statistical analysis of the data obtained show that genotypes could be partitioned on to three to four distinct groups. The local collection of sulla showed more than 50 % similarity index suggesting a greater useable genetic variability.

 

 

 

Keys words : AFLP / molecular marker / genotypes / sulla

 

Résumé - Dans ce travail 23 génotypes locaux d’Hedysarum coronarium L. (sulla du nord) collectées de diverses régions pédoclimatiques ont été caractérisés par le biais des marqueurs moléculaires AFLP en comparaison avec 6 cultivars d’origine italienne. L’analyse des profils électrophorétiques obtenus a montré un pourcentage de polymorphisme très élevé dépassant 80 %. Ainsi, les génotypes locaux peuvent être répartis en 3 à 4 groupes distincts. La collection locale de sulla se caractérise par un indice de similarité supérieur à 50 %. Ceci montre l’importance de la variabilité génétique des génotypes de sulla dans les programmes d’amélioration.

 

Mots clés : AFLP / marqueurs moléculaires / génotypes / sulla

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This article is published under license to Journal of New Sciences. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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