L’étude du polymorphisme génétique du gène FGF-2 et son effet sur l’incidence des boiteries chez les vaches Holstein en Tunisie

M. A. FERCHICHI¹

B. JEMMALI²

S. AMIRI¹

S. BEJAOUI¹

A. BEN GARA²

B. REKIK²

¹ Institut National Agronomique 43, Avenue Charles Nicoles 1082, Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia

² Laboratory of Improvement and Integrated Development of Animal Productivity and Food Resources, Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, University of Carthage, Tunisia

Abstract – This study analyzes the association of genetic polymorphism of FGF-2 gene locus with lameness in dairy cattle in Tunisia. DNA was extracted from 412 blood samples from Holstein cows (lame, lame healed and non-lame). Genotyping was performed by the PCR-RFLP and the Csp6I restriction enzyme was used for single nucleotic polymorphim identification. Electrophoresis profile of the digestion product reveals the presence of 171 // 171bp bands; 270 // 171 bp and 270 // 270 bp respectively for genotypes GG, GA and AA. Statistical analysis of genetic and environmental data by logistic regression showed that multiparous cows are more sensitive to lameness than primiparous. The incidence of lameness is high in autumn and winter. There are any association between this polymorphism and the incidence of lameness.

Keywords: Polymorphism, FGF-2, PCR-RFLP, lameness

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Qualité microbiologique du sperme frais et de la semence prête à l’emploi issues des taureaux d’insémination artificielle en Tunisie

S. KHLADI¹

A. NAJJAR²

S. BEN SAÏD³

R. GUESMI³

A. JELJLI¹

I. ZAIDI⁴

M. DAALOUL¹

L. MESSADI¹

¹ École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Tunisie

² Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie

³ École Supérieure d’Agriculture du Kef, Le Kef, Tunisie

⁴ Direction de l’Amélioration Génétique, Office de l’Élevage et des Pâturages, Tunisie

Abstract – This work aims to study the microbiological quality of fresh semen and ready-to-use semen straws sampled from clinically healthy bulls. A fraction of the ejaculate of 6 bulls belonging to 3 different breeds (n = 6, mean age = 36 ± 19 months, 2 Holstein, 2 Brown Swiss and 2 Tarentaise) is used to establish a spermogram and to carry out a bacterial culture, on the fresh sample, and after conditioning (number of ejaculates = 12, number of straws = 12). The results reveal that the breed has no significant effect on the ejaculate volume or on the percentage of motile spermatozoa, compared to a significant effect on the total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate (p <0.05). Several bacterial species have been found after culture in the fresh sperm, and in frozen-thawed semen, some of which are potentially pathogenic. These bacteria can be of the same species in the fresh sperm and in the straw obtained from the same ejaculate, or can be of different species which raises the problem of contamination during the collection, the manipulation or the storage of the semen.

Keywords: semen, bulls, artificial insemination, quality, bacteriology

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H. JERBI^1*

K. ABID²

N. VAZQUEZ³

W. PEREZ³

¹ Service d’Anatomie, Ecole Nationale De Médecine Vétérinaire Sidi Thabet, CP 2020, Université de La Manouba, Tunisie.

² Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Université de Sousse, Tunisie

³ Área de Anatomía, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay

Abstract – One-humped camel (Camelusdromedarius) have many anatomical adaptation mechanisms that help them to survive successfully in arid climates. Like many other desert ungulates, resorts to selective brain cooling when it is subject to heat stress partly with dural venous sinuses. In this study, we describe the macro anatomy and we measured the length and diameter of each dural venous sinuses. The dorsal system consisted of a single dorsal sagittal and straight sinus (sinus rectus) and paired transverse sinus (temporal and sigmoid sinuses). The ventral system includes the cavernous and intercavernous sinuses, basilar sinus, and petrosal sinues. There was intracranial connection between them. The straight sinus emptied in the dorsal sagittal sinus shortly before the confluence of the sinuses. The cavernous sinus contained the rostral epidural rete mirabile. The basilar sinus was continued as the ventral internal vertebral plexus inside the vertebral canal. To conclude, we added information to literature in relation to topographic anatomy of the camel dural venous sinuses and showed this interesting structure with photographic documentation of dissections with latex injection in venous and arterial vessels.

Keywords: brain, encephalon, vascular system, camel

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Différence significative de l'asymétrie de masse des otolithes entre des poissons téléostéens pélagiques et benthiques dans la baie de Tunis

M. DKHILI¹

N. BOURIGA^1,2

M. FATNASSI¹

S. BEN MOHAMED¹

J.P. QUIGNARD³

M. TRABELSI¹

1 Unité de Biologie marine. Faculté des Sciences de Tunis. 2092 Campus universitaire, Tunisie

2 Institut Supérieur de Pêche et d’Aquaculture de Bizerte.

3 Laboratoire d'Ichtyologie, Université Montpellier II, P1. E. Bataillon, case 102, 34095 Montpellier cedex, France

Abstract – The saccular otolith mass asymmetry, χ, was studied in six round fish species from the bay of Tunis including three pelagic species: Sardina pilchardus (66 otolith pairs), Trachurus mediterraneus (66 otolith pairs) and Liza aurata (60 otolith pairs) and three benthic species: Gobius niger (77 otolith pairs), Mullus barbatus (60 otolith pairs) and Trachinus draco (66 otolith pairs). This study aimed to compare otolith mass asymmetry between bottom and pelagic species. The values of χ were obtained by dividing the difference between masses of the right and left paired otoliths by average otolith mass. The absolute values of otolith mass asymmetry  are under 0.05 in all the studied species. A significant difference between pelagic and bottom species was found (p < 0.05). This result explains the vertical distribution of benthic and pelagic species. The sagittae mass asymmetry did not depend on fish length in addition there is no significant difference between sexes as it does in other symmetrical fish species.

Keywords: Otolith, mass asymmetry, pelagic species, bottom species, Bay of Tunis

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