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Developing a microsatellite markers-based parentage test for Camelus dromedarius

G. NOUAÏRIA1*

M. CASSANDRO2

M. BEN LARBI3

W. FENNANI 3

E. VIALE2

M. HAMMADI1

M.H. YAHYAOUI1

 

1 Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory. Arid Lands Institute. University of Gabes. Road El Jorf, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia

2 Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment. University of Padova. 35020 Legnaro, Italy

3 Research Unit of biodiversity and resource valorization in mountain areas (UR17AGR14). High School of Agriculture in Mateur. University of Carthage. Road of Tabarka, 7030 Mateur, Tunisia

 

Abstract – Although Tunisian cameline population counts more than 80 thousands heads, individual identification of these animals is often absent. This is a limiting factor to the accurate selection and genetic improvement efforts. With an efficiency approaching 100 %, parentage testing by genetic markers is a reliable and concluding scientific means to overcome these issues. The present work evaluates twenty microsatellites to develop a reliable paternity test in Camelus dromedarius. After testing the markers on a total of 130 animals, we estimated for each marker, polymorphism, pairwise linkage disequilibrium and Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. A panel of 38 samples presenting 17 trios (sire, dam, and their offspring) was used to evaluate different sets of microsatellites as parentage tests and optimize the number of markers for economic reasons while retaining an assignment rate exceeding 99 %. Finally, a list of 12 microsatellites proved higher than 99% of exclusion power when one parent is unknown parent and 98% when both parents are unknown, was proposed as an efficient and economic parentage test for Camelus dromedarius.

Keywords: Dromedary camel, paternity test, genealogy, microsatellites.

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Control of the estrus cycle and induction of ovulation of Arab mares in natural mate

Contrôle du cycle oestral et induction de l’ovulation chez les juments pur-sang Arabe en saillie naturelle

 

A. NAJJAR1

A. BLEL1

S. BEN SAID2

S. KHALDI3

B. BENAOUN4

 

1 Laboratory of Animal, Genetic and Food Resources, National Institute of Agronomy, Tunisia, University of Carthage.

2 High School of Agricultural of Kef, Tunisia.

3 National School of Vetarinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.

4 National Stud Farm of Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.

 

Abstract – The objective of the study was to test the effect of exogenous injection of synthetic LH (Chorulon®) and prostaglandin F2α analogue (ESTRUMATE®) on the oestrus and sexual cycle of mares taken to natural mate. A total of 132 purebred Arabian horses (mean age = 10.5 years) were divided into two groups: the first group treated with ESTRUMATE® (n = 46) and Chorulon® (n = 24) and the second without treatment (n = 62). ESTRUMATE® and Chorulon® treatments were used respectively for controlling the oestrus cycle and inducing ovulation in mares during the breeding season. The results showed that the durations of foaling heats were higher in the group of mares treated with ESTRUMATE® and Chorulon® compared to untreated mares (p<0.05). In addition, this same parameter in mares with a preovulatory follicle diameter DFP<40mm and treated with ESTRUMATE® was higher than the one of the untreated group (p<0.05). The duration of cyclic heat in mares with DFP>40mm and treated with ESTRUMATE® and Chorulon® was higher than the one of the untreated group of mares (p<0.05). However, the duration of the estrous cycle and the duration of cyclic heat didn’t vary between the treated group with Chorulon® and ESTRUMATE® and the untreated group (p>0.05). The results also showed that the estrous cycles were induced in the same way in mares treated with ESTRUMATE® and Chorulon® or in the untreated mares. The use of exogenous hormones to control the estrous cycle and induce ovulation in mares taken in natural mate has shown its effect only over the duration of foaling heats. Treatment with prostaglandins contributed to its lengthening while that with LH contributed to its shortening.

Keywords: induction ovulation, LH, prostaglandin F2α, foaling heats, oestrous cycle, mare.

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Copyright

This article is published under license to Journal of New Sciences. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

CC BY 4.0