Performances et caractérisation morpho-biometrique des populations de la poule locale dans la zone montagneuse du nord-ouest tunisien

A. JEBBARI¹

M. BEN LARBI^1*

B. JEMMALI²

M. HETHLY³

A. HETHLY¹

S. SLIM¹

¹ Unité de Recherche : biodiversité et valorisation des ressources dans les zones montagneuses (UR17AGR14). Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture de Mateur, route de Tabarka 7030 Mateur

² Laboratoire de Recherche Amélioration et Développement Intégré de la Productivité Animale et des Ressources Alimentaires. Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture de Mateur. , route de Tabarka 7030 Mateur.

³ Office de l’élevage et de pâturages. Agence régionale de Mateur-Bizerte

Abstract – This study aimed the morpho-biometric characterization of the Genoese Giant farm chicken strain, 182 hens and 255 cockerels were studied in four different regions (in the station and in the peasant environment). Body weight, mortality rate was collected as well as a morpho-biometric characterization at 25 weeks of age. The results showed that both young and adult body weight in control subjects was significantly higher than all other animals in the study areas. However, there is variability among these three regions with the highest weights of Abebbsa animals at 21 days and 25 weeks of age, with conformational differences in tarsal length and diameter. Mortalities were higher for Charguia and Smaira animals compared to the Abebbsa ecotype and the young-stage control. It can be said that the overall growth performance in the station, compared to those commonly encountered in the peasant environment, was better. This is mainly due to rearing conditions.

Keywords: Genoese giant strain, growth, skeletal measurements, mortality.

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M. ELIMEM^1*

A. HARBI^2,3

A. HAFSI^1,4

S. BEN OTHMEN²

C. LAHFEF¹

E. LIMEM-SELLEMI²

K. ABBES^2,5

B. CHERMITI²

¹High School of Agriculture of Mograne (ESAM), Mograne, Zaghouane, University of Tunis, Tunisia

²High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem (ISA-CM), University of Sousse (UoS), 4042, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia

³Unidad Asociada de Entomología UJI/IVIA, Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Apartado Oficial, 46113, Montcada (Valencia, Spain).

⁴CIRAD-University of La Réunion, UMR-PVBMT CIRAD, France

⁵National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis, 43, Charles Nicole Avenue, 1082, Mahrajène, Tunis, University of Tunis, Tunisia

Abstract – Within plant vertical distribution of Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (1895) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on greenhouse pepper crop: effects of climatic conditions and implications for populations surveillance and control programs. Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (1895) (Thysanoptera; Thripidae) is a cosmopolitan polyphagous thrips species which occurs on many cultivated host plants causing relevant economic damages. Survey of within pepper plants vertical distribution of F. occidentalis as function of pepper plant strata (upper, medium and lower) and climatic conditions (temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod), showed that during the cold season(11 to 17°C), the pest populations were evenly distributed within different host plant strata. However, with the increase of temperature (20°C) and photoperiod, medium and lower stratum presented more or less similar thrips numbers while population density in the upper stratum was significantly higher. Regarding larvae, the upper stratum presented the highest densities with no significant differences among studied strata. Correlation between average thrips numbers and different strata heights showed that highest thrips densities were observed at approximately 80 cm above ground level.

Keywords: thrips, plant stratum, sex ratio, vertical distribution.

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H. ABDELHAFIDH^1*

I. ABDELFATTAH¹

L. ARFA²

¹Ecole supérieure d’Agriculture de Mograne, Université de Carthage, Carthage, Tunisia

²Institut National Agronomique de Tunis, Université de Carthage, Carthage, Tunisia

Abstract – The paper develops an analytical framework of estimating the magnitude of transaction costs on the basis of previous related studies and the specific trade characteristic of dairy farmers in Mahdia, centre of Tunisia. The main objective dealt with in this study was to determine the influence of the transaction cost and the role of the cooperative membership on the productivity among the dairy farms in the zone. The main results show that the price cost is lower among the cooperative membership. The non-cooperative members suffer from heavy transaction cost which influences negatively their productivity. Thus, the average technical efficiency among non-cooperative members is lower than that of cooperative’s memberships. Our investigation indicates that cooperative can largely support farmers and reduce the influence of the transaction cost and consequently improve the farms’ productivity.

Keywords: Dairy farms, cooperative, transaction cost, Technical efficiency, Tunisia.

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A. FOUZAI*¹

M. SMAOUI¹

A. FRIJA¹

B. DHEHIBI¹

¹Ecole Supérieure d’Agriculture de Mograne

Abstract – Tunisia, like many other countries, suffers from land degradation. Conservation agriculture is among the proper solutions to overcome this issue. The objective of our investigation is to determine the factors that influence the adoption of CA in Siliana, one of Tunisia’s most affected regions by erosion. A field survey was conducted to collect adoption data used for descriptive analysis, and for the estimation of a choice model (Logit). Results show that the adoption of CA technology is positively determined by the level of farmers’ education, quality of extension services, the type of land ownership and production of durum wheat in conventional seeding. In contrast, the decision to adopt CA technique is constrained by the low farming experience, existence of off-farm income, and by the number of livestock units per hectare available at the farm level.

Keywords: Land degradation, Conservation agriculture technology, Logit model, Adoption, Direct seeding.

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