A. GARA ¹

H. TOYODA ²

H. IWAMOTO ²

S. ABDETA ³

J. GELETO ⁴

¹ Department of Economy and Management of Agriculture and Agrofood, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie and Laboratory of Rural Economy, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie

² Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Department of Bioproduction and Environment Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture

³ Uneed Global Group, Adama University

⁴ Ministry of Agriculture of Ethiopia, Adama Agricultural Office

Abstract – Ethiopia faces agricultural deficit and poverty. Decrease in agricultural productivity is due to many reasons: frequent drought and also land degradation. Land degradation is a serious threat for environment and socio-economic situation for rural population in many countries in the world and particularly in Ethiopia. In this research we carried out the area frame of Boset in the East Showa zone (Oromiya Region in central part of Ethiopia). This research provides a description of the adopted methodology. It aims to study the environmental impact of soil and water technique at first and then to assess their economical impacts on farmers livelihood.  It sheds some light on reliability and practicability of the survey design. The design also serves as a reference for other researchers anticipating to conduct or compare similar studies. In the current research, erosion estimation at some farmlands plots has been elaborated. For that reason, previous measures were accomplished in order to assess the soil loss at the visited farmlands in Boset Wareda (North East Shewa) using USLE methods. Furthermore, this study presents household heads’ socioeconomic findings. Descriptive statistics based on two-way ANOVA for Net Margin analytical methods was used. For the economic assessment, we visited small family farming in order to conduct an inquiry with the local farmers. The comparison between two different groups of farmers (users and non-users of conservation technique) is indispensable for the economical study to confirm the advantage of natural resources conservation on farmer livelihood. 

Keywords: Ethiopia, farmers, land degradation, USLE, Benefit.

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Analyse de l’éducation environnementale en milieu scolaire dans le District d’Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

B.T.A. VROH^1*

N.M. SOUMEILA¹

K.E. N’GUESSAN ¹

¹ Laboratory of Botany, UFR Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny

Abstract – Environmental Education (EE) has become an undeniable awareness tool for biodiversity management. The integration of this tool into education systems could stimulate children educational action in favor of biodiversity. This study has analyzed the anchoring of the EE in Ivorian education system. A diagnosis of primary school programs has been done. Also, primary students were intervewed about their knowledges, perceptions and experiences with environment en general and green spaces particularly. The study shown that currently, there is a punctual practice of EE in Ivorian educational system at primary level. Green spaces which can be taken as the most perceptible example of environment by children, were defined as “trees in a space”. Children’s perceptions, experiences and knowledges about green spaces are more promoted by parents commitment than school programs. The lack of academic visits in green spaces and the unsuitability of the notions about living being, biodiversity and environment in the curricula, involve confusions between these themes among children. In conclusion, the study can be used as a starting point for the strengthening of concepts related to environment, biodiversity and ecosystem services and their integration in Ivorian school curricula.

Keywords: Green space, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Primary school.

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Evaluation biochimique et exploration des potentialités antioxydantes, antibactérienne et anticancéreuse de Zingiber officinale

S. OUESLATI¹*

W. GHARSALLI²

M. ABDELKARIM³

F. BEN AISSA-FENNIRA³

R. KSOURI²

¹ Laboratoire des plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cédria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisie

² Laboratoire des Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cédria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisie

³ Laboratoire de Génétique, d'Immunologie et de Pathologie humaines, Faculté de médecine, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunisie

Abstract – This study aimed to evaluate biological potentialities of rhizome extracts and essential oils of Zingiber officinale. Results showed a great variability of phenolic content depends upon extraction method. In fact, maceration extract showed the highest polyphenols and flavonoids contents in comparison to those obtained through sonication. Moreover, antioxidant capacity results proves a superiority of maceration extract to quench a DPPH radical and to reduce Fe³⁺ with an IC₅₀ equal to 32 µg ml^-1 and EC₅₀correspond to 710 µg ml^-1, respectively. In addition, essential oil exhibits a potent antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer abilities. Indeed, it showed significant anti-proliferative activity on MCF-7 and MDA-MB- 231 cell lines. Chemical compositions of the essential oil have been investigated showing that the main components were camphene, 1,8 cineole, geranial, limonene, geraniol and α-zingiberene.

Keywords: Anticancer activity, phenolic compounds, Essential oil, antioxidant potential, Zingiber officinale.

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