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Watering regime affects oil content and fatty acid composition of six sunflower lines

Sahari Khoufi1*

Khalil Khamassi1

Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva2

Salah Rezgui1

Fayçal Ben Jeddi1

 

1 Unité Cultures Maraîchères et Florales, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43, avenue Charles Nicolle 1082 Tunis-Mahrajène Tunisie. Université de Carthage, Tunisia

2 P.O. Box 7, Miki cho post office, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-Ken, 761-0799, Japan.

 

Abstract - Six sunflower lines were grown under field conditions in order to assess their oil content and fatty acid composition under three watering regimes (rain-fed, 50 % supply, and 100 % supply). Changes in oil percentage and fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds were determined and analyzed using a Soxhlet apparatus and gas chromatography. A significant genotype × water regime interaction for oil content was noted. Contents of linoleic acid and stearic acid were affected only by watering regime and ranged from 4.86 to 12.33 % for the former and from 1.90 to 3.21 % for the latter. Palmitic oil content was affected by genotype: 6.03 %, 7.54 %, 4.18 %, 4.40 %, 5.05 % and 4.52 % for C8.3.1.2, 64A71, C7.3.2.2, C1.3.1.1, C5.2.3.2, and C31.1.1.2, respectively. Oleic content was independent of the effects imposed by genotype and water regime.

 

Key words: oil content / saturated fatty acids / sunflowers / unsaturated fatty acids / water supply / Soxhlet.

 

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Shoot regeneration, micropropagation and microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars

F. Mani 1*

M. Mhamdi1

T. Bettaieb1

C. Hannachi1

 

1Department of Horticotural Sciences and in vitro culture. High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem (Sousse, Tunisia) (ISA Chott-Mariem).

 

Abstract - Alaska, Safran and Spunta are the most important varieties of potatoes used by Tunisian farmers. This study was carried out in four steps. First, study on regeneration of tissue culture protocol was studied using buds as an explant for initiation of culture in MS media supplemented with four different concentrations of an auxin : indole butyric acid (IBA). Growth proliferation showed that optimum regeneration rate was obtained with 0,5 mg/l of IBA. The regenerated plants were cultured using nodal cuttings as explants for further multiplication. In vitro tuberization involving a combination benzyladenine (BA) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) gave good tuberization rate. Yet, liquid media containing 5 mg/l of BA was optimal to produce microtubers for all cultivars. Microtubers were transplanted in the soil, cultured in glasshouse to produce minitubers, they produces, -7,2 healthy minitubers/plant. Microtubers cultured in medium containing sucrose (80 g/l) gave best number of minitubers/plant.

 

Key words: regeneration / micropropagation / microtubers / minitubers production.

 

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Comparison of two fenugreek seed genotypes: bitterness value, secondary metabolites contents and biological activities

H. Abdouli 1*

H. Missaoui 1

S. Jellali 1

G. Tibaoui 1

L. Tayachi 1

 

1Laboratory of Improvement & Integrated Development of Animal Productivity & Food Resources, Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, University of Carthage, Tunisia

 

Abstract - In order to make fenugreek seeds more compatible with consumer acceptance, a claimed sweet genotype has been recently developed and registered in Tunisian seeds catalogue. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare its bitterness value, secondary metabolites contents and biological activities with those of the commonly known bitter genotype. The sweet genotype had lower (P<0.05) bitterness value than bitter one (702 vs 5028 units/g). There were no differences (P>0.05) in total phenols (6.16 vs 5.92 mg/g), total tannins (2.59 vs 2.03 mg/g), condensed tannins (0.027 vs 0.023mg/g), total flavonoids (0.318 vs 0.313 mg/g), haemolytic and total antioxidant activities. Haemolytic and total antioxidant activities showed concentration dependent manner. At 2.5 mg fenugreek seed/ml, haemolytic activity was 80.2 vs 88.7 % of that of distilled water. Antioxidant activities varied (P<0.05) with the solvents, the highest was shown by aqueous followed by methanol and then ethanol extracts. Antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts were 14 and 12.5% of that of vit.C for the bitter and the sweet genotypes, respectively. It was concluded that the findings confirm some key similarities between the bitter and the sweet genotypes.

 

Key words: Fenugreek seeds / bitterness value / haemolytic activity / antioxidant activity

 

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Copyright

This article is published under license to Journal of New Sciences. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

CC BY 4.0