- Category: Volume Spécial (Conférence IABC 2015)
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Milk protein polymorphism study in the Algerian sheep breed Hamra
A. AMEUR AMEUR1,2*
MT. BENYOUCEF2
M. AMRANI4
SBS. GAOUAR3
1 Department of agronomical sciences, University of Bouira (UAMO), Algeria
2 National Superior School of Agronomy, (ENSA - ES1603), Algeria
3 Department of Biology, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
4 Laboratory of Biology of Microorganisms and Biotechnology, University of Oran, Algeria
Abstract - In sheep, the polymorphism of major milk proteins is reduced as compared with other ruminant species, like cattle and goats. As in other ruminant species, in sheep these polymorphisms were studied relative to milk quantity, quality and its manufacturing properties or for authenticity identification of dairy products. In Algeria, data concerning the characterization of the sheep breeds in the six loci codifying for major milk proteins genes are almost absent. The purpose of our study was to determine milk protein polymorphism in local sheep breed, using 30 samples of milk from local sheep breeds Hamra. Our work consisted in the isolation and characterization of milk proteins. For this, we used the precipitation of caseins pHi (pH 4.6). After extraction, purification and assay, both casein and serum protein fractions were then assayed by the Bradford method and separated by SDS-PAGE. Milk protein variants were determined by the molecular weight in gel using a molecular weight proteins ranging from 10 to 250 kDa. The electrophoretic pattern of milk samples showed the presence of four major caseins variants (αs1-, αs2- β- and k-casein) and two whey proteins (β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin). Our study on percentage analysis of protein fractions of interest revealed that caseins represented 79.16% of the total protein of sheep milk, followed by whey proteins with 20.43%. According to the standards, the total ovine milk proteins showed a molecular weights, which are respectively (33, 32, 28 and 27 kDa) for caseins fraction and The β-lg, α-la fractions were determined to be around 19 and 15 kDa respectively. Further studies (Real Time qPCR) are requisite for certitude of the results on the polymorphic genes of proteins from sheep milk, in order to identify the genetic variants from the locus of each protein.
Keywords: Caseins, Hamra, Protein Polymorphism, Sheep milk, SDS-PAGE